GROUND SUBSIDENCE AND HEAVE OVER PERMAFROST: HOURLY TIME SERIES REVEAL INTERANNUAL, SEASONAL AND SHORTER-TERM MOVEMENT CAUSED BY FREEZING, THAWING AND WATER MOVEMENT

Ground subsidence and heave over permafrost: hourly time series reveal interannual, seasonal and shorter-term movement caused by freezing, thawing and water movement

Heave and subsidence of the ground surface can offer insight into processes of heat and mass transfer in freezing and thawing soils.Additionally, subsidence is an important metric for monitoring and understanding bolia outlet gent the transformation of permafrost landscapes under climate change.Corresponding ground observations, however, are sparse

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Monitoring the Interfacial Polymerization of Piperazine and Trimesoyl Chloride with Hydrophilic Interlayer or Macromolecular Additive by In Situ FT-IR Spectroscopy

The interfacial polymerization (IP) of piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) has been extensively utilized to synthesize nanofiltration (NF) membranes.However, it is still a huge challenge to monitor the IP reaction, because of the fast reaction rate and the formed ultra-thin film.Herein, two effective strategies were applied to reduce the

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